Background knowledge in ontology matching: A survey

Ontology matching is an integral part for establishing semantic interoperability. One of the main challenges within ontology operation heterogeneity, i.e. modeling differences between two ontologies that are to be integrated. The semantics most or schemas are, however, typically incomplete because they designed a certain context which not explicitly modeled. Therefore, external background knowledge plays major role in task (semi-) automated and schema matching. In this survey, we introduce reader general problem. We review sources as well approaches applied make use knowledge. Our survey covers all systems have been presented years 2004–2021 at well-known competition together with systematically selected publications research field. present classification system knowledge, concept linking strategies, exploitation approaches. provide extensive examples classify under resource/strategy matrix obtained by coalescing systems. Lastly, outline interesting yet underexplored directions applying process.